Overview:
Indoor cultivation of medical cannabis is a regulated practice in U.S. states where medical marijuana is legal. Controlled indoor environments allow for year-round production, optimized plant quality, and compliance with strict state laws.
Key Features:
Regulation & Licensing
Requires state-approved licenses (e.g., MMJ cultivator licenses).
Compliance with FDA/USDA guidelines (e.g., pesticide-free cultivation).
Indoor Grow Setup
Lighting: LED/HPS systems mimic sunlight for growth cycles.
Climate Control: Precision management of temperature, humidity, and CO₂.
Hydroponics/Aeroponics: Soil-less systems for faster growth and higher yields.
Strain Selection
High-CBD/low-THC strains (e.g., Charlotte’s Web) for conditions like epilepsy or chronic pain.
Cultivation tailored to patient needs (terpene/profiles).
Testing & Compliance
Mandatory lab testing for potency, contaminants (mold/heavy metals).
Track-and-trace systems (e.g., Metrc) to monitor plant lifecycle.
Benefits
Consistent quality/purity for medical patients.
Reduced environmental risks (vs. outdoor grows).
Challenges:
High startup costs (lighting, HVAC, automation).
Interstate trade restrictions (federal prohibition under CSA).
States with Prominent Indoor Cultivation:
California, Colorado, Florida, and Oklahoma lead in licensed indoor medical grows.